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A manganese-calcium cluster in photosystem II splits water during photosynthesis.
| Symbol | Mn |
|---|---|
| Atomic number | 25 |
| Standard atomic weight | 54.93804 |
| Group | 7 |
| Period | 4 |
| Block | d-block |
| Category | Transition metal |
| Standard state | Solid |
| Discovered | 1774 |
Source: PubChem, Manganese (periodic table data, retrieved 2026-10-19). Group and period follow the standard 18-column periodic table.
Umena and colleagues solved the structure of photosystem II at 1.9 Å, locating every metal atom of the Mn4CaO5 cluster where water is split, with five oxygen bridges and four bound water molecules.
As reported in: Umena, Kawakami, Shen et al. (2011). Crystal structure of oxygen-evolving photosystem II at a resolution of 1.9 Å. Nature. doi:10.1038/nature09913
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