Applications

Every application field, across all materials.

• 3D printing
  6 entries · 3D bioprinting, Silk fibroin, Starch & PLA bioplastics
• acoustics
  1 entries · Mycelium
• agriculture
  4 entries · Biochar, Diatomite, Resurrection plants
• biology
  60 entries · Animal cloning (Dolly the sheep), Bacterial nanowires (Geobacter), Bioluminescence (luciferase), Cephalopod camouflage & reflectin, De novo designed proteins, Gecko adhesion, Genetically modified & gene-edited crops, Green fluorescent protein (GFP), Hydrogen sulfide and carbon monoxide (signaling gases), Magnetite, Melanized fungi (Chernobyl "radiation-eating" fungi), Methane (biogas), Mutation breeding & directed evolution, Nacre & calcium carbonate, Nitric oxide (signaling gas), Optogenetics (light-controlled proteins), Resurrection plants, Sponge spicules & spongin, Synthetic cells (JCVI-syn), Tardigrade proteins, Transgenic animals (salmon, GloFish), Venus flytrap mechanics
• biomedical
  81 entries · AAV gene delivery, Alginate (seaweed), Animal cloning (Dolly the sheep), Artificial blood & blood substitutes, Biodegradable metals (zinc and iron), Bone grafts & bone substitutes, Brain-computer interfaces, Cartilage repair, Cold gas plasma (plasma medicine), Collagen & gelatin, Copper (antimicrobial surfaces), Coral (coralline bone substitutes), Decellularized organ scaffolds, Diatomite, Flexible & bio-integrated electronics, Gold nanoparticles, Hydrogels, Hydrogen gas, Hydrogen sulfide and carbon monoxide (signaling gases), Hydroxyapatite, Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), Industrial enzymes, Keratin, Lab-grown & artificial skin, Lignin, Liposomes and lipid nanoparticles, Magnesium (biodegradable implants), Magnetite, Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), Nitinol (shape-memory alloy), Oxygen (hyperbaric and oxygen-releasing materials), Phage therapy, Platinum (cancer drugs and catalysis), Silica, Silver (antimicrobial), Starch & PLA bioplastics, Titanium and titanium alloys, Xenon and helium (noble gases in medicine)
• biomedical research
  21 entries · Artificial blood & blood substitutes, Bacterial cellulose, Bone grafts & bone substitutes, Cartilage repair, Chitin & chitosan, Coral (coralline bone substitutes), Decellularized organ scaffolds, Embryonic stem cells, Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), Organoids, Silk fibroin
• bioplastics
  1 entries · Chitin & chitosan
• biotechnology
  2 entries · Spider silk proteins
• carbon removal
  4 entries · Basalt, Carbon dioxide (capture and supercritical CO2)
• catalysis
  2 entries · Gold nanoparticles, Zeolites
• climate
  2 entries · Basalt, Zeolites
• composites
  1 entries · Basalt
• construction
  26 entries · Bamboo, Basalt, Biochar, Clay, Coconut coir & shell, Cork, Flax, Geopolymers & volcanic ash, Hemp, Lunar regolith (moon soil construction), Mycelium, Wood
• design & architecture
  1 entries · Mycelium
• earth science
  2 entries · Silica, Silica aerogel (Stardust comet catcher)
• electronics
  25 entries · Bacterial cellulose, Bacterial nanowires (Geobacter), Brain-computer interfaces, Casein (milk protein), Cephalopod camouflage & reflectin, DNA nanotechnology and DNA data storage, Electronic skin (e-skin), Flexible & bio-integrated electronics, Liquid metals (gallium alloys, EGaIn), Mycelium, Nacre & calcium carbonate, Perovskites, Shellac, Silk fibroin, Wood
• energy
  18 entries · Algae, Artificial leaf (artificial photosynthesis), Bacterial nanowires (Geobacter), Boron nitride nanotubes, Hydrogen gas, Methane (biogas), Perovskites, Platinum (cancer drugs and catalysis), Rare earth elements, Virus-templated materials (M13 phage)
• energy storage
  11 entries · Graphene & carbon from biomass, Hemp, Lithium (batteries), Virus-templated materials (M13 phage)
• environment
  3 entries · Algae, Magnetite, Wood
• fire safety
  1 entries · Clay
• food
  1 entries · Bacterial cellulose
• food preservation
  1 entries · Chitin & chitosan
• food science
  26 entries · Algae, Carbon dioxide (capture and supercritical CO2), Casein (milk protein), Cellulose nanocrystals, Collagen & gelatin, Cork, Cultivated (lab-grown) meat, Genetically modified & gene-edited crops, Mutation breeding & directed evolution, Ozone, Shellac, Soy protein, Transgenic animals (salmon, GloFish)
• gas separation
  1 entries · Zeolites
• genetics
  6 entries · CRISPR and gene drives, Spider silk proteins
• geology
  1 entries · Quartz
• insulation
  2 entries · Mycelium, Silk fibroin
• living materials
  1 entries · Mycelium
• marine
  1 entries · Basalt
• materials science
  70 entries · Aerogels (including cellulose aerogels), Alginate (seaweed), Bacterial cellulose, Bamboo, Casein (milk protein), Cellulose nanocrystals, Cephalopod camouflage & reflectin, Chitin & chitosan, Clay, Coconut coir & shell, Cork, Flax, Gecko adhesion, Graphene and carbon nanotubes, Hemp, Hydrogels, Hydroxyapatite, Industrial enzymes, Jute, Keratin, Lignin, Lotus effect (superhydrophobic surfaces), Melanized fungi (Chernobyl "radiation-eating" fungi), Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), Mussel adhesive proteins (DOPA), Mycelium, Nacre & calcium carbonate, Nitinol (shape-memory alloy), Sea cucumber stiffness-changing tissue, Self-healing materials, Shark skin, Silica, Silica aerogel (Stardust comet catcher), Silk fibroin, Soy protein, Space radiation shielding, Spider silk proteins, Starch & PLA bioplastics, Wood
• nanotechnology
  14 entries · Algae, Boron nitride nanotubes, DNA nanotechnology and DNA data storage, Gold nanoparticles, Graphene & carbon from biomass, Graphene and carbon nanotubes, Magnetite, Virus-templated materials (M13 phage)
• optics
  2 entries · Cellulose nanocrystals, Perovskites
• packaging
  15 entries · Alginate (seaweed), Bacterial cellulose, Casein (milk protein), Cellulose nanocrystals, Chitin & chitosan, Collagen & gelatin, Keratin, Lignin, Mycelium, Starch & PLA bioplastics
• physics
  4 entries · Quartz, Silica aerogel (Stardust comet catcher), Space radiation shielding
• recycling
  2 entries · Bacterial cellulose, Rare earth elements
• sensors
  2 entries · Quartz
• textiles
  4 entries · Bacterial cellulose, Mycelium, Silk fibroin
• waste valorization
  10 entries · Hydroxyapatite, Keratin, Nacre & calcium carbonate, Plastic-eating bacteria & enzymes, Silica
• water treatment
  27 entries · Aerogels (including cellulose aerogels), Algae, Alginate (seaweed), Bamboo, Biochar, Chitin & chitosan, Clay, Coconut coir & shell, Diatomite, Hydroxyapatite, Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), Oil-eating bacteria, Ozone, Sponge spicules & spongin, Zeolites
• wood products
  1 entries · Lignin