Also: passive cooling, Macrotermes
How termite mounds exchange air and regulate temperature, measured directly in the field.
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Korb reviewed termite mound thermoregulation and ventilation, summarizing research on how mounds work.
As reported in: Korb (2003). Thermoregulation and ventilation of termite mounds. Naturwissenschaften. doi:10.1007/s00114-002-0401-4
Abstract only
King, Ocko and Mahadevan directly measured air flow in mounds and found daily temperature oscillations drive ventilation.
As reported in: King, Ocko, Mahadevan (2015). Termite mounds harness diurnal temperature oscillations for ventilation. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. doi:10.1073/pnas.1423242112
Ocko and colleagues measured air flow in Macrotermes michaelseni mounds and found the same daily solar heating mechanism drives convection.
As reported in: Ocko, King, Andreen et al. (2017). Solar-powered ventilation of African termite mounds. Journal of Experimental Biology. doi:10.1242/jeb.160895