Also: captopril, exenatide, exendin-4, ziconotide, Gila monster, cone snail, Bothrops jararaca
Several medicines trace back to animal venoms, including the blood pressure drug captopril (Brazilian pit viper), the diabetes drug exenatide (Gila monster) and the painkiller ziconotide (cone snail).
Only what the cited papers report.
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Bowersox and Luther reviewed the therapeutic potential of omega-conotoxin MVIIA (SNX-111), an N-type calcium channel blocker from the venom of the cone snail Conus magus.
Built / tested: ziconotide
As reported in: Bowersox, Luther (1998). Pharmacotherapeutic potential of omega-conotoxin MVIIA (SNX-111), an N-type neuronal calcium channel blocker found in the venom of Conus magus. Toxicon. doi:10.1016/s0041-0101(98)00158-5
Abstract only
Ferreira found that the venom of the Brazilian pit viper Bothrops jararaca contains a factor that strongly potentiates the action of bradykinin, and studied its chemical nature.
As reported in: FERREIRA (1965). A BRADYKININ‐POTENTIATING FACTOR (BPF) PRESENT IN THE VENOM OF BOTHROPS JARARACA. British Journal of Pharmacology and Chemotherapy. doi:10.1111/j.1476-5381.1965.tb02091.x
Ondetti, Rubin and Cushman used a model of the angiotensin-converting enzyme's active site to design a new class of orally active inhibitors that lowered blood pressure in rats, the work behind captopril.
Built / tested: captopril
As reported in: Ondetti, Rubin, Cushman (1977). Design of Specific Inhibitors of Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme: New Class of Orally Active Antihypertensive Agents. Science. doi:10.1126/science.191908
Abstract only
Eng and colleagues isolated exendin-4, a 39-amino-acid peptide, from the venom of the Gila monster (Heloderma suspectum).
Built / tested: exenatide
As reported in: Eng, Kleinman, Singh et al. (1992). Isolation and characterization of exendin-4, an exendin-3 analogue, from Heloderma suspectum venom. Further evidence for an exendin receptor on dispersed acini from guinea pig pancreas.. Journal of Biological Chemistry. doi:10.1016/s0021-9258(18)42531-8
Rauck and colleagues found that slowly increasing doses of ziconotide, a non-opioid painkiller delivered into the spinal fluid, significantly improved severe chronic pain and was better tolerated than in earlier trials.
Built / tested: ziconotide
As reported in: Rauck, Wallace, Leong et al. (2006). A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study of Intrathecal Ziconotide in Adults with Severe Chronic Pain. Journal of Pain and Symptom Management. doi:10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2005.10.003