Also: bone morphogenetic protein, BMP, bone graft substitutes
When bone is lost, surgeons fill the gap with the patient's own bone, donor bone, or synthetic substitutes. The discovery that bone matrix can trigger new bone growth led to bone-growth proteins.
Readiness: lab lab studies · prototype demonstrated objects · commercial products or buildings in real use · review summaries of other studies.
Giannoudis and colleagues reviewed grafts and synthetic bone substitutes used in orthopaedic surgery.
As reported in: Giannoudis, Dinopoulos, Tsiridis (2005). Bone substitutes: An update. Injury. doi:10.1016/j.injury.2005.07.029
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Dimitriou and colleagues reviewed current approaches to bone regeneration, including grafts, scaffolds and growth factors.
As reported in: Dimitriou, Jones, McGonagle et al. (2011). Bone regeneration: current concepts and future directions. BMC Medicine. doi:10.1186/1741-7015-9-66
Marshall Urist showed demineralized bone matrix could induce new bone to form, leading to the discovery of bone morphogenetic proteins.
As reported in: Urist (1965). Bone: Formation by Autoinduction. Science. doi:10.1126/science.150.3698.893
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