Also: coralline hydroxyapatite, calcium carbonate coral, Porites
Coral skeletons have a porous structure much like bone. Natural coral and coral converted to hydroxyapatite have been used as bone graft substitutes and implants.
Readiness: lab lab studies · prototype demonstrated objects · commercial products or buildings in real use · review summaries of other studies.
Holmes reported bone regrowing in dogs within coral-derived hydroxyapatite implants.
Built / tested: coralline hydroxyapatite
As reported in: Holmes (1979). Bone Regeneration Within a Coralline Hydroxyapatite Implant. Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery. doi:10.1097/00006534-197905000-00004
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Guillemin and colleagues studied natural coral as a bone graft substitute.
As reported in: Guillemin, Patat, Fournie et al. (1987). The use of coral as a bone graft substitute. Journal of Biomedical Materials Research. doi:10.1002/jbm.820210503
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Mygind and colleagues grew mesenchymal stem cells on coralline hydroxyapatite scaffolds.
As reported in: Mygind, Stiehler, Baatrup et al. (2007). Mesenchymal stem cell ingrowth and differentiation on coralline hydroxyapatite scaffolds. Biomaterials. doi:10.1016/j.biomaterials.2006.10.003
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